English statesman, humanist and Roman Catholic Saint;Lord Chancellor to Henry
VIII (1529-32). His opposition to the annulment of Henry's marriage to Catherine
of Aragon and his refusal to recognise the Act of Supremacy resulted in his
execution on acharge of treason. In Utopia (1516) he set forth his concept of
the idela state. Feast day: June 22 or July 6
Note: there is no evidence that Thomas More was vegetarian but the extracts
below give an insight into his thinking.
Extracts from Utopia:
From thence the beasts be brought in, killed and clean washed by the hands of
their bondsmen. For they permit not their free citizens to accustom themselves
to the killing of beasts, through the use whereof they think clemency, the gentlest
affection of our nature, by little and little to decay and perish.
The Utopians feel that slaughtering our fellow creatures gradually destroys
the sense of compassion, which is the finest sentiment of which our human nature
is capable.
What delight can there be, and not rather displeasure, in hearing the barking
and howling of dogs? Or what greater pleasure is there to be felt when a dog
followeth a hare than when a dog followeth a dog? For one thing is done in both,
that is to say, running, if thou hast pleasure therein. But if the hope of slaughter
and the expectation of tearing in pieces the beast doth please thee, thou shouldst
rather be moved with pity to see a silly innocent hare murdered by a dog: the
weak of the stronger, the fearful of the fierce, the innocent of the cruel and
unmerciful. Therefore all this exercise of hunting, as a thing unworthy to be
used of free men, the Utopians have rejected to their butchers, to the which
craft . . . they appoint their bondmen. For they count hunting the lowest, the
vilest and most abject part of butchery, and the other parts of it more profitable
and more honest, as bringing much more commodity, in that they kill beasts only
for necessity, whereas the hunter seeketh nothing but pleasure of the silly
and woeful beast's slaughter and murder. The which pleasure in beholding death
they think doth rise in the very beasts, either of a cruel affection of mind
or else to be changed in continuance of time into cruelty by long use of so
cruel a pleasure.